Network for telephony and data communication

ABSTRACT

A service outlet for coupling a data unit to a wired digital data signal and for coupling a service unit to an analog service signal, for use with a service wire pair installed in walls of a building, the service wire pair concurrently carrying a wired bi-directional digital data signal and an analog service signal carried over a service signal frequency band, using frequency division multiplexing, wherein the wired digital data signal is carried over a frequency band distinct from the service signal frequency band. The outlet has a single enclosure and, within the enclosure: a wiring connector; first and second filters coupled to the wiring connector; a service connector coupled to the first filter and connectable to the service unit for coupling the service unit to the analog service signal; a service wiring modem coupled to the second filter; and a power supply coupled to the service wiring modem.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This is a continuation of copending U.S. application Ser. No.11/020,193, filed Dec. 27, 2004, itself a continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 10/773,247, filed on Feb. 9, 2004, which is itselfa continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/357,379, filed on Jul.20, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,690,677, all of which are incorporatedherein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the field of wired communicationsystems, and, more specifically, to the networking of devices usingtelephone lines.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 shows the wiring configuration for a prior-art telephone system10 for a residence or other building, wired with a telephone line 5.Residence telephone line 5 consists of single wire pair which connectsto a junction-box 16, which in turn connects to a Public SwitchedTelephone Network (PSTN) 18 via a cable 17, terminating in a publicswitch 19, apparatus which establishes and enables telephony from onetelephone to another. The term “analog telephony” herein denotestraditional analog low-frequency audio voice signals typically under 3KHz, sometimes referred to as “POTS” (“plain old telephone service”),whereas the term “telephony” in general denotes any kind of telephoneservice, including digital service such as Integrated Services DigitalNetwork (ISDN). The term “high-frequency” herein denotes any frequencysubstantially above such analog telephony audio frequencies, such asthat used for data. ISDN typically uses frequencies not exceeding 100KHz (typically the energy is concentrated around 40 KHz). The term“telephone device” herein denotes, without limitation, any apparatus fortelephony (including both analog telephony and ISDN), as well as anydevice using telephony signals, such as fax, voice-modem, and so forth.

Junction box 16 is used to separate the in-home circuitry from the PSTNand is used as a test facility for troubleshooting as well as for wiringnew telephone outlets in the home. A plurality of telephones 13 a, 13 b,and 13 c connects to telephone line 5 via a plurality of outlets 11 a,11 b, 11 c, and 11 d. Each outlet has a connector (often referred to asa “jack”), denoted in FIG. 1 as 12 a, 12 b, 12 c, and 12 d,respectively. Each outlet may be connected to a telephone via aconnector (often referred to as a “plug”), denoted in FIG. 1 (for thethree telephone illustrated) as 14 a, 14 b, and 14 c, respectively. Itis also important to note that lines 5 a, 5 b, 5 c, 5 d, and 5 e areelectrically the same paired conductors.

There is a requirement for using the existing telephone infrastructurefor both telephone and data networking. This would simplify the task ofestablishing a new local area network in a home or other building,because there would be no additional wires and outlets to install. U.S.Pat. No. 4,766,402 to Crane (hereinafter referred to as “Crane”) teachesa way to form a LAN over two wire telephone lines, but without thetelephone service.

The concept of frequency domain/division multiplexing (FDM) iswell-known in the art, and provides a means of splitting the bandwidthcarried by a wire into a low-frequency band capable of carrying ananalog telephony signal and a high-frequency band capable of carryingdata communication or other signals. Such a mechanism is described forexample in U.S. Pat. No. 4,785,448 to Reichert et al (hereinafterreferred to as “Reichert”). Also is widely used are xDSL systems,primarily Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL) systems.

Relevant prior art in this field is also disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.5,896,443 to Dichter (hereinafter referred to as “Dichter”). Dichter isthe first to suggest a method and apparatus for applying such atechnique for residence telephone wiring, enabling simultaneouslycarrying telephone and data communication signals. The Dichter networkis illustrated in FIG. 2, which shows a network 20 serving bothtelephones and a local area network. Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) units24 a, 24 b and 24 c are connected to the local area network via DataCommunication Equipment (DCE) units 23 a, 23 b and 23 c, respectively.Examples of Data Communication Equipment include modems, line drivers,line receivers, and transceivers. DCE units 23 a, 23 b and 23 c arerespectively connected to high pass filters (HPF) 22 a, 22 b and 22 c.The HPF's allow the DCE units access to the high-frequency band carriedby telephone line 5. In a first embodiment (not shown in FIG. 2),telephones 13 a, 13 b and 13 c are directly connected to telephone line5 via connectors 14 a, 14 b and 14 c, respectively. However, in order toavoid interference to the data network caused by the telephones, asecond embodiment is suggested (shown in FIG. 2), wherein low passfilters (LPF's) 21 a, 21 b and 21 c are added to isolate telephones 13a, 13 b and 13 c from telephone line 5. Furthermore, a low pass filtermust also be connected to Junction-Box 16, in order to filter noisesinduced from or to the PSTN wiring 17. As is the case in FIG. 1, it isimportant to note that lines 5 a, 5 b, 5 c, 5 d and 5 e are electricallythe same paired conductors.

The Dichter network suffers from degraded data communicationperformance, because of the following drawbacks:

-   -   1. Induced noise in the band used by the data communication        network is distributed throughout the network. The telephone        line within a building serves as a long antenna, receiving        electromagnetic noise produced from outside the building or by        local equipment such as air-conditioning systems, appliances,        and so forth. Electrical noise in the frequency band used by the        data communication network can be induced in the extremities of        the telephone line 5 (line 5 e or 5 a in FIG. 2) and propagated        via the telephone line 5 throughout the whole system. This is        liable to cause errors in the data transportation.    -   2. The wiring media consists of a single long wire (telephone        line 5). In order to ensure a proper impedance match to this        transmission-line, it is necessary to install terminators at        each end of the telephone line 5. One of the advantages of using        the telephone infrastructure for a data network, however, is to        avoid replacing the internal wiring. Thus, either such        terminators must be installed at additional cost, or suffer the        performance problems associated with an impedance mismatch.    -   3. In the case where LPF 21 is not fitted to the telephones 13,        each connected telephone appears as a non-terminated stub, and        this is liable to cause undesirable signal reflections.    -   4. In one embodiment, an LPF 21 is to be attached to each        telephone 13. In such a configuration, an additional        modification to the telephone itself is required. This further        makes the implementation of such system complex and costly, and        defeats the purpose of using an existing telephone line and        telephone sets ‘as is’ for a data network.    -   5. The data communication network used in the Dichter network        supports only the ‘bus’ type of data communication network,        wherein all devices share the same physical media. Such topology        suffers from a number of drawbacks, as described in U.S. Pat.        No. 5,841,360 to the present inventor, which is incorporated by        reference for all purposes as if fully set forth herein. Dichter        also discloses drawbacks of the bus topology, including the need        for bus mastering and logic to contend with the data packet        collision problem. Topologies that are preferable to the bus        topology include the Token-Ring (IEEE 803), the PSIC network        according to U.S. Pat. No. 5,841,360, and other point-to-point        networks known in the art (such as a serial point-to-point        ‘daisy chain’ network). Such networks are in most cases superior        to ‘bus’ topology systems.

The above drawbacks affect the data communication performance of theDichter network, and therefore limit the total distance and the maximumdata rate such a network can support. In addition, the Dichter networktypically requires a complex and therefore costly transceiver to supportthe data communication system. While the Reichert network relies on astar topology and does not suffer from these drawbacks of the bustopology, the star topology also has disadvantages. First, the startopology requires a complex and costly hub module, whose capacity limitsthe capacity of the network. Furthermore, the star configurationrequires that there exist wiring from every device on the network to acentral location, where the hub module is situated. This may beimpractical and/or expensive to achieve, especially in the case wherethe wiring of an existing telephone system is to be utilized. TheReichert network is intended for use only in offices where a centraltelephone connection point already exists. Moreover, the Reichertnetwork requires a separate telephone line for each separate telephonedevice, and this, too, may be impractical and/or expensive to achieve.

There is thus a widely-recognized need for, and it would be highlyadvantageous to have, a means for implementing a data communicationnetwork using existing telephone lines of arbitrary topology, whichcontinues to support analog telephony while also allowing for improvedcommunication characteristics by supporting a point-to-point topologynetwork.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for using thetelephone line wiring system within residence or other building for bothanalog telephony service and a local area data network featuring aserial “daisy chained” or other arbitrary topology. First, the regularoutlets are modified or substituted to allow splitting of the telephoneline having two wires into segments such that each segment connectingtwo outlets is fully separated from all other segments. Each segment hastwo ends, to which various devices, other segments, and so forth, may beconnected. A low pass filter is connected in series to each end of thesegment, thereby forming a low-frequency path between the external portsof the low pass filters, utilizing the low-frequency band. Similarly, ahigh pass filter is connected in series to each end of the segment,thereby forming a high-frequency path between the external ports of thehigh pass filters, utilizing the high-frequency band. The bandwidthcarried by the segments is thereby split into non-overlapping frequencybands, and the distinct paths can be interconnected via the high passfilters and low pass filters as coupling and isolating devices to formdifferent paths. Depending on how the devices and paths are selectivelyconnected, these paths may be simultaneously different for differentfrequencies. A low-frequency band is allocated to regular telephoneservice (analog telephony), while a high-frequency band is allocated tothe data communication network. In the low-frequency (analog telephony)band, the wiring composed of the coupled low-frequency paths appears asa normal telephone line, in such a way that the low-frequency (analogtelephony) band is coupled among all the segments and is accessible totelephone devices at any outlet, whereas the segments may remainindividually isolated in the high-frequency (data) band, so that in thisdata band the communication media, if desired, can appear to bepoint-to-point (such as a serialized “daisy chain”) from one outlet tothe next. The term “low pass filter” herein denotes any device thatpasses signals in the low-frequency (analog telephony) band but blockssignals in the high-frequency (data) band. Conversely, the term “highpass filter” herein denotes any device that passes signals in thehigh-frequency (data) band but blocks signals in the low-frequency(analog telephony) band. The term “data device” herein denotes anyapparatus that handles digital data, including without limitationmodems, transceivers, Data Communication Equipment, and Data TerminalEquipment.

A network according to the present invention allows the telephonedevices to be connected as in a normal telephone installation (i.e., inparallel over the telephone lines), but can be configured to virtuallyany desired topology for data transport and distribution, as determinedby the available existing telephone line wiring and without beingconstrained to any predetermined data network topology. Moreover, such anetwork offers the potential for the improved data transport anddistribution performance of a point-to-point network topology, whilestill allowing a bus-type data network topology in all or part of thenetwork if desired. This is in contrast to the prior art, whichconstrains the network topology to a predetermined type.

A network according to the present invention may be used advantageouslywhen connected to external systems and networks, such as xDSL, ADSL, aswell as the Internet.

In a first embodiment, the high pass filters are connected in such a wayto create a virtual ‘bus’ topology for the high-frequency band, allowingfor a local area network based on DCE units or transceivers connected tothe segments via the high pass filters. In a second embodiment, eachsegment end is connected to a dedicated modem, hence offering a serialpoint-to-point daisy chain network. In all embodiments of the presentinvention, DTE units or other devices connected to the DCE units cancommunicate over the telephone line without interfering with, or beingaffected by, simultaneous analog telephony service. Unlike prior-artnetworks, the topology of a network according to the present inventionis not constrained to a particular network topology determined inadvance, but can be adapted to the configuration of an existingtelephone line installation. Moreover, embodiments of the presentinvention that feature point-to-point data network topologies exhibitthe superior performance characteristics that such topologies offer overthe bus network topologies of the prior art, such as the Dichter networkand the Crane network.

Therefore, according to the present invention there is provided anetwork for telephony and data communication including: (a) at least oneelectrically-conductive segment containing at least two distinctelectrical conductors operative to conducting a low-frequency telephonyband and at least one high-frequency data band, each of the segmentshaving a respective first end and a respective second end; (b) a firstlow pass filter connected in series to the respective first end of eachof the segments, for establishing a low-frequency path for thelow-frequency telephony band; (c) a second low pass filter connected inseries to the respective second end of each of the segments, forestablishing a low-frequency path for the low-frequency telephony band;(d) a first high pass filter connected in series to the respective firstend of each of the segments, for establishing a high-frequency path forthe at least one high-frequency data band; (e) a second high pass filterconnected in series to the respective second end of each of thesegments, for establishing a high-frequency path for the at least onehigh-frequency data band; and (f) at least two outlets each operative toconnecting at least one telephone device to at least one of thelow-frequency paths, and at least two of the at least two outlets beingoperative to connecting at least one data device to at least one of thehigh-frequency paths; wherein each of the segments electrically connectstwo of the outlets; and each of the outlets that is connected to morethan one of the segments couples the low-frequency telephony band amongeach of the connected segments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to understand the invention and to see how the same may becarried out in practice, some preferred embodiments will now bedescribed, by way of non-limiting example only, with reference to theaccompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 shows a common prior art telephone line wiring configuration fora residence or other building.

FIG. 2 shows a prior art local area network based on telephone linewiring for a residence or other building.

FIG. 3 shows modifications to telephone line wiring according to thepresent invention for a local area network.

FIG. 4 shows modifications to telephone line wiring according to thepresent invention, to support regular telephone service operation.

FIG. 5 shows a splitter according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 shows a local area network based on telephone lines according tothe present invention, wherein the network supports two devices atadjacent outlets.

FIG. 7 shows a first embodiment of a local area network based ontelephone lines according to the present invention, wherein the networksupports two devices at non-adjacent outlets.

FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of a local area network based ontelephone lines according to the present invention, wherein the networksupports three devices at adjacent outlets.

FIG. 9 shows third embodiment of a local area network based on telephonelines according to the present invention, wherein the network is a bustype network.

FIG. 10 shows a node of local area network based on telephone linesaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 11 shows a fourth embodiment of a local area network based ontelephone lines according to the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The principles and operation of a network according to the presentinvention may be understood with reference to the drawings and theaccompanying description. The drawings and descriptions are conceptualonly. In actual practice, a single component can implement one or morefunctions; alternatively, each function can be implemented by aplurality of components and circuits. In the drawings and descriptions,identical reference numerals indicate those components which are commonto different embodiments or configurations.

The basic concept of the invention is shown in FIG. 3. A network 30 isbased on modified telephone outlets 31 a, 31 b, 31 c and 31 d. Themodification relates to wiring changes at the outlets and substitutingthe telephone connectors, shown as connectors 32 a, 32 b, 32 c and 32 din outlets 31 a, 31 b, 31 c and 31 d respectively. No changes arerequired in the overall telephone line layout or configuration. Thewiring is changed by separating the wires at each outlet into distinctsegments of electrically-conducting media. Thus, each segment connectingtwo outlets can be individually accessed from either end. In the priorart Dichter network, the telephone wiring is not changed, and iscontinuously conductive from junction box 16 throughout the system.According to the present invention, the telephone line is broken intoelectrically distinct isolated segments 15 a, 15 b, 15 c, 15 d and 15 e,each of which connects two outlets. In order to fully access the media,each of connectors 32 a, 32 b, 32 c and 32 d must support fourconnections, two in each segment. This modification to the telephoneline can be carried out by replacing each of the outlets 31 a, 31 b, 31c and 31 d, replacing only the connectors 32 a, 32 b, 32 c and 32 d, orsimply by cutting the telephone line wiring at the outlet. As will beexplained later, these modifications need be performed only to thoseoutlets which connect to data network devices, but are recommended atall other outlets. A minimum of two outlets must be modified, enablingdata communication between those outlets only.

FIG. 4 shows how a network 40 of the present invention continues tosupport the regular telephone service, by the installation of jumpers 41a, 41 b, 41 c and 41 d in modified outlets 31 a, 31 b, 31 c and 31 drespectively. At each outlet where they are installed, the jumpersconnect both segment ends and allow telephone connection to the combinedsegment. Installation of a jumper effects a re-connection of the splittelephone line at the point of installation. Installation of jumpers atall outlets would reconstruct the prior art telephone line configurationas shown in FIG. 1. Such jumpers can be add-ons to the outlets,integrated within the outlets, or integrated into a separate module.Alternately, a jumper can be integrated within a telephone set, as partof connector 14. The term “jumper” herein denotes any device forselectively coupling or isolating the distinct segments in a way that isnot specific to the frequency band of the coupled or isolated signals.Jumper 41 can be implemented with a simple electrical connection betweenthe connection points of connector 32 and the external connection of thetelephone.

As described above, jumpers 41 are to be installed in all outlets whichare not required for connection to the data communication network. Thoseoutlets which are required to support data communication connections,however, will not use jumper 41 but rather a splitter 50, shown in FIG.5. Such a splitter connects to both segments in each modified outlet 31via connector 32, using a port 54 for a first connection and a port 55for a second connection. Splitter 50 has two LPF's for maintaining thecontinuity of the audio/telephone low-frequency band. After low passfiltering by LPF 51 a for the port 54 and LPF 51 b for port 55, theanalog telephony signals are connected together and connected to atelephone connector 53. Hence, from the point of view of the telephonesignal, the splitter 50 provides the same continuity and telephoneaccess provided by the jumper 41. On the other hand, the datacommunication network employs the high-frequency band, access to whichis made via HPF's 52 a and 52 b. HPF 52 a is connected to port 54 andHPF 52 b is connected to port 55. The high pass filtered signals are notpassed from port 54 to port 55, but are kept separate, and are routed toa connector 56 and a connector 57, respectively. The term “splitter”herein denotes any device for selectively coupling or isolating thedistinct segments that is specific to the frequency band of the coupledor isolated signals.

Therefore, when installed in an outlet, the splitter 50 serves twofunctions. With respect to the low-frequency analog telephony band,splitter 50 establishes a coupling to effect the prior-art configurationshown in FIG. 1, wherein all telephone devices in the premises areconnected virtually in parallel via the telephone line, as if thetelephone line were not broken into segments. On the other hand, withrespect to the high-frequency data communication network, splitter 50establishes electrical isolation to effect the configuration shown inFIG. 3, wherein the segments are separated, and access to each segmentend is provided by the outlets. With the use of splitters, the telephonesystem and the data communication network are actually decoupled, witheach supporting a different topology.

FIG. 6 shows a first embodiment of a data communication network 60between two DTE units 24 a and 24 b, connected to adjacent outlets 31 band 31 c, which are connected together via a single segment 15 c.Splitters 50 a and 50 b are connected to outlets 31 b and 31 c viaconnectors 32 b and 32 c, respectively. As explained above, thesplitters allow transparent audio/telephone signal connection. Thus, foranalog telephony, the telephone line remains virtually unchanged,allowing access to telephone external connection 17 via junction box 16for telephones 13 a and 13 c. Likewise, telephone 13 b connected viaconnector 14 b to a connector 53 a on splitter 50 a, is also connectedto the telephone line. In a similar way, an additional telephone can beadded to outlet 31 c by connecting the telephone to connector 53 b onsplitter 50 b. It should be clear that connecting a telephone to anoutlet, either via jumper 41 or via splitter 50 does not affect the datacommunication network.

Network 60 (FIG. 6) supports data communication by providing acommunication path between port 57 a of splitter 50 a and port 56 b ofsplitter 50 b. Between these ports there exists a point-to-pointconnection for the high-frequency portion of the signal spectrum, asdetermined by HPF 52 a and 52 b within splitters 50 (FIG. 5). This pathcan be used to establish a communication link between DTE units 24 a and24 b, by means of DCE units 23 a and 23 b, which are respectivelyconnected to ports 57 a and 56 b. The communication between DTE units 24a and 24 b can be unidirectional, half-duplex, or full-duplex. The onlylimitation imposed on the communication system is the capability to usethe high-frequency portion of the spectrum of segment 15 c. As anexample, the implementation of data transmission over a telephone linepoint-to-point system described in Reichert can also be used in network60. Reichert implements both LPF and HPF by means of a transformer witha capacitor connected in the center-tap, as is well known in the art.Similarly, splitter 50 can be easily implemented by two such circuits,one for each side.

It should also be apparent that HPF 52 a in splitter 50 a and HPF 52 bin splitter 50 b can be omitted, because neither port 56 a in splitter50 a nor port 57 b in splitter 50 b is connected.

Network 60 provides clear advantages over the networks described inhitherto-proposed networks. First, the communication media supportspoint-to-point connections, which are known to be superior to multi-tap(bus) connections for communication performance. In addition,terminators can be used within each splitter or DCE unit, providing asuperior match to the transmission line characteristics. Furthermore, notaps (drops) exists in the media, thereby avoiding impedance matchingproblems and the reflections that result therefrom.

Moreover, the data communication system in network 60 is isolated fromnoises from both the network and the ‘left’ part of the telephonenetwork (Segments 15 a and 15 b), as well as noises induced from the‘right’ portion of the network (Segments 15 d and 15 e). Such isolationis not provided in any prior-art implementation. Dichter suggestsinstallation of a low pass filter in the junction box, which is not asatisfactory solution since the junction box is usually owned by thetelephone service provider and cannot always be accessed. Furthermore,safety issues such as isolation, lightning protection, power-cross andother issues are involved in such a modification.

Implementing splitter 50 by passive components only, such as twotransformers and two center-tap capacitors, is also advantageous, sincethe reliability of the telephone service will not be degraded, even inthe case of failure in any DCE unit, and furthermore requires noexternal power. This accommodates a ‘life-line’ function, which providesfor continuous telephone service even in the event of other systemmalfunction (e.g. electrical failures).

The splitter 50 can be integrated into outlet 31. In such a case,outlets equipped with splitter 50 will have two types of connectors: Oneregular telephone connector based on port 53, and one or two connectorsproviding access to ports 56 and 57 (a single quadruple-circuitconnector or two double-circuit connectors). Alternatively, splitter 50can be an independent module attached as an add-on to outlet 31. Inanother embodiment, the splitter is included as part of DCE 23. However,in order for network 60 to operate properly, either jumper 41 orsplitter 50 must be employed in outlet 31 as modified in order to splitconnector 32 according to the present invention, allowing the retainingof regular telephone service.

FIG. 7 also shows data communication between two DTE units 24 a and 24 bin a network 70. However, in the case of network 70, DTE units 24 a and24 b are located at outlets 31 b and 31 d, which are not directlyconnected, but have an additional outlet 31 c interposed therebetween.Outlet 31 c is connected to outlet 31 b via a segment 15 c, and tooutlet 31 d via a segment 15 d.

In one embodiment of network 70, a jumper (not shown, but similar tojumper 41 in FIG. 4) is connected to a connector 32 c in outlet 31 c.The previous discussion regarding the splitting of the signal spectrumalso applies here, and allows for data transport between DTE units 24 aand 24 b via the high-frequency portion of the spectrum across segments15 c and 15 d. When only jumper 41 is connected at outlet 31 c, the samepoint-to-point performance as previously discussed can be expected; theonly influence on communication performance is from the addition ofsegment 15 d, which extends the length of the media and hence leads toincreased signal attenuation. Some degradation, however, can also beexpected when a telephone is connected to jumper 41 at outlet 31 c. Suchdegradation can be the result of noise produced by the telephone in thehigh-frequency data communication band, as well as the result of theaddition of a tap caused by the telephone connection, which usually hasa non-matched termination. Those problems can be overcome by installinga low pass filter in the telephone.

In a preferred embodiment of network 70, a splitter 50 b is installed inoutlet 31 c. Splitter 50 b provides the LPF functionality, and allowsfor connecting a telephone via connector 53 b. However, in order toallow for continuity in data communication, there must be a connectionbetween the circuits in connectors 56 b and 57 b. Such a connection isobtained by a jumper 71, as shown in FIG. 7. Installation of splitter 50b and jumper 71 provides good communication performance, similar tonetwork 60 (FIG. 6). From this discussion of a system wherein there isonly one unused outlet between the outlets to which the DTE units areconnected, it should be clear that the any number of unused outletsbetween the outlets to which the DTE units are connected can be handledin the same manner.

For the purpose of the foregoing discussions, only two communicating DTEunits have been described. However, the present invention can be easilyapplied to any number of DTE units. FIG. 8 illustrates a network 80supporting three DTE units 24 a, 24 b and 24 c, connected thereto viaDCE units 23 a, 23 b and 23 c, respectively. The structure of network 80is the same as that of network 70 (FIG. 7), with the exception of thesubstitution of jumper 71 with a jumper 81. Jumper 81 makes a connectionbetween ports 56 b and 57 b in the same way as does jumper 71. However,in a manner similar to that of jumper 41 (FIG. 4), jumper 81 furtherallows for an external connection to the joined circuits, allowing theconnection of external unit, such as a DCE unit 23 c. In this way,segments 15 c and 15 d appear electrically-connected for high-frequencysignals, and constitute media for a data communication networkconnecting DTE units 24 a, 24 b and 24 c. Obviously, this configurationcan be adapted to any number of outlets and DTE units. In fact, any datacommunication network which supports a ‘bus’ or multi-point connectionover two-conductor media, and which also makes use of thehigher-frequency part of the spectrum can be used. In addition, thediscussion and techniques explained in the Dichter patent are equallyapplicable here. Some networks, such as Ethernet IEEE 802.3 interface10BaseT and 100BaseTX, require a four-conductor connection, twoconductors (usually single twisted-wire pair) for transmitting, and twoconductors (usually another twisted-wire pair) for receiving. As isknown in the art, a four-to-two wires converter (commonly known ashybrid) can be used to convert the four wires required into two, therebyallowing network data transport over telephone lines according to thepresent invention.

As with jumper 41 (FIG. 4), jumper 81 can be an integral part ofsplitter 50, an integral part of DCE 23, or a separate component.

In order to simplify the installation and operation of a network, it isbeneficial to use the same equipment in all parts of the network. Onesuch embodiment supporting this approach is shown in for a set of threesimilar outlets in FIG. 8, illustrating network 80. In network 80,outlets 31 b, 31 c, and 31 d are similar and are all used as part of thedata communication network. Therefore for uniformity, these outlets areall coupled to splitters 50 a, 50 b, and 50 c respectively, to whichjumpers are attached, such as a jumper 81 attached to splitter 50 b (thecorresponding jumpers attached to splitter 50 a and splitter 50 c havebeen omitted from FIG. 8 for clarity), and thus provide connections tolocal DCE units 23 a, 23 c, and 23 b, respectively. In a preferredembodiment of the present invention, all outlets in the building will bemodified to include both splitter 50 and jumper 81 functionalities. Eachsuch outlet will provide two connectors: one connector coupled to port53 for a telephone connection, and the other connector coupled to jumper81 for a DCE connection.

In yet another embodiment, DCE 23 and splitter 50 are integrated intothe housing of outlet 31, thereby offering a direct DTE connection. In apreferred embodiment, a standard DTE interface is employed.

In most ‘bus’ type networks, it is occasionally required to split thenetwork into sections, and connect the sections via repeaters (tocompensate for long cabling), via bridges (to decouple each section fromthe others), or via routers. This may also be done according to thepresent invention, as illustrated in FIG. 9 for a network 90, whichemploys a repeater/bridge/router unit 91. Unit 91 can perform repeating,bridging, routing, or any other function associated with a split betweentwo or more networks. As illustrated, a splitter 50 b is coupled to anoutlet 31 c, in a manner similar to the other outlets and splitters ofnetwork 90. However, at splitter 50 b, no jumper is employed. Instead, arepeater/bridge/router unit 91 is connected between port 56 b and port57 b, thereby providing a connection between separate parts of network90. Optionally, unit 91 can also provide an interface to DTE 24 c foraccess to network 90.

FIG. 9 also demonstrates the capability of connecting to external DTEunits or networks, via a high pass filter 92 connected to a line 15 a.Alternatively, HPF 92 can be installed in junction box 16. HPF 92 allowsfor additional external units to access network 90. As shown in FIG. 9,HPF 92 is coupled to a DCE unit 93, which in turn is connected to anetwork 94. In this configuration, the local data communication networkin the building becomes part of network 94. In one embodiment, network94 offers ADSL service, thereby allowing the DTE units 24 d, 24 a, 24 cand 24 b within the building to communicate with the ADSL network. Thecapability of communicating with external DTE units or networks isequally applicable to all other embodiments of the present invention,but for clarity is omitted from the other drawings.

While the foregoing relates to data communication networks employing bustopology, the present invention can also support networks where thephysical layer is distinct within each communication link. Such anetwork can be a Token-Passing or Token-Ring network according to IEEE802, or preferably a PSIC network as described in U.S. Pat. No.5,841,360 to the present inventor, which details the advantages of sucha topology. FIG. 10 illustrates a node 100 for implementing such anetwork. Node 100 employs two modems 103 a and 103 b, which handle thecommunication physical layer. Modems 103 a and 103 b are independent,and couple to dedicated communication links 104 a and 104 b,respectively. Node 100 also features a DTE interface 101 for connectingto a DTE unit (not shown). A control and logic unit 102 manages thehigher OSI layers of the data communication above the physical layer,processing the data to and from a connected DTE and handling the networkcontrol. Detailed discussion about such node 100 and the functioningthereof can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,841,360 and other sources knownin the art.

FIG. 11 describes a network 110 containing nodes 100 d, 100 a, 100 b and100 c coupled directly to splitters 50 d, 50 a, 50 b and 50 c, which inturn are coupled to outlets 31 a, 31 b, 31 c and 31 d respectively. Eachnode 100 has access to the corresponding splitter 50 via two pairs ofcontacts, one of which is to connector 56 and the other of which is toconnector 57. In this way, for example, node 100 a has independentaccess to both segment 15 b and segment 15 c. This arrangement allowsbuilding a network connecting DTE units 24 d, 24 a, 24 b and 24 c vianodes 100 d, 100 a, 100 b and 100 c, respectively.

For clarity, telephones are omitted from FIGS. 9 and 11, but it will beclear that telephones can be connected or removed without affecting thedata communication network. Telephones can be connected as required viaconnectors 53 of splitters 50. In general, according to the presentinvention, a telephone can be connected without any modifications eitherto a splitter 50 (as in FIG. 8) or to a jumper 41 (as in FIG. 4).

Furthermore, although the present invention has so far been describedwith a single DTE connected to a single outlet, multiple DTE units canbe connected to an outlet, as long as the corresponding node or DCEsupports the requisite number of connections. Moreover, access to thecommunication media can be available for plurality of users usingmultiplexing techniques known in the art. In the case of timedomain/division multiplexing (TDM) the whole bandwidth is dedicated to aspecific user during a given time interval. In the case of frequencydomain/division multiplexing (FDM), a number of users can share themedia simultaneously, each using different non-overlapping portions ofthe frequency spectrum.

In addition to the described data communication purposes, a networkaccording to the present invention can be used for control (e.g. homeautomation), sensing, audio, or video applications, and thecommunication can also utilize analog signals (herein denoted by theterm “analog communication”). For example, a video signal can betransmitted in analog form via the network.

While the present invention has been described in terms of outlets whichhave only two connections and therefore can connect only to two otheroutlets (i.e., in a serial, or “daisy chain” configuration), the conceptcan also be extended to three or more connections. In such a case, eachadditional connecting telephone line must be broken at the outlet, withconnections made to the conductors thereof, in the same manner as hasbeen described and illustrated for two segments. A splitter for such amulti-segment application should use one low pass filter and one highpass filter for each segment connection.

The present invention has also been described in terms of media having asingle pair of wires, but can also be applied for more conductors. Forexample, ISDN employs two pairs for communication. Each pair can be usedindividually for a data communication network as described above.

Also as explained above, an outlet 31 according to the invention (FIG.3) has a connector 32 having at least four connection points. As anoption, jumper 41 (FIG. 4), splitter 50 (FIG. 5), or splitter 50 withjumper 81 (FIG. 8), low pass filters, high pass filters, or otheradditional hardware may also be integrated or housed internally withinoutlet 31. Alternatively, these devices may be external to the outlet.Moreover, the outlet may contain standard connectors for devices, suchas DTE units. In one embodiment, only passive components are includedwithin the outlet. For example, splitter 50 can have two transformersand two capacitors (or an alternative implementation consisting ofpassive components). In another embodiment, the outlet may containactive, power-consuming components. Three options can be used forproviding power to such circuits:

-   -   1. Local powering: In this option, supply power is fed locally        to each power-consuming outlet. Such outlets must be modified to        support connection for input power.    -   2. Telephone power: In both POTS and ISDN telephone networks,        power is carried in the lines with the telephone signals. This        power can also be used for powering the outlet circuits, as long        as the total power consumption does not exceed the POTS/ISDN        system specifications. Furthermore, in some POTS systems the        power consumption is used for OFF-HOOK/ON-HOOK signaling. In        such a case, the network power consumption must not interfere        with the telephone logic.    -   3. Dedicated power carried in the media: In this option, power        for the data communication related components is carried in the        communication media. For example, power can be distributed using        5 kHz signal. This frequency is beyond the telephone signal        bandwidth, and thus does not interfere with the telephone        service. The data communication bandwidth, however, be above        this 5 kHz frequency, again ensuring that there is no        interference between power and signals.

While the invention has been described with respect to a limited numberof embodiments, it will be appreciated that many variations,modifications and other applications of the invention may be made.

1. An apparatus for configuring a local area network in a building forthe transport of digital packet-based data signals and analog signalsacross a wiring using frequency domain multiplexed analog and digitalpacket-based data signals, wherein the wiring includes at least firstand second wiring segments each comprising at least two conductors, theapparatus comprising: first and second ports each connectable to arespective one of said first and second wiring segments; first andsecond data filters each coupled to a respective one of said first andsecond ports, each having a digital data signal port operative to passonly digital packet-based data signals; first and second modems eachcoupled to said digital data signal port of a respective one of saidfirst and second filters, operative for bi-directional digitalpacket-based data signal communication with a respective one of saidfirst and second wiring segments; at least one data connector operativefor establishing a bi-directional digital packet-based data connectionwith a data unit; a multiport unit coupling said first and second modemsto said at least one data connector for packet-based data transferbetween said modems and said at least one data connector, said multiportunit being constituted by one of a bridge and a router; and a singleenclosure housing said ports, said data filters, said modems, said atleast one data connector and said multiport unit.
 2. The apparatusaccording to claim 1, further operative to couple a first analog signalto an analog unit the apparatus further comprising: an analog filtercoupled to said first and second ports and having an analog signal port,said analog filter being operative to pass only the first analog signal;and an analog connector operative for establishing an analog signalconnection with the analog unit, the analog connector being coupled tosaid analog signal port of said analog filter.
 3. The apparatusaccording to claim 2, wherein the first analog signal is an analogtelephone signal, and the analog unit is a telephone set.
 4. Theapparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the wiringsegments is a telephone wiring.
 5. The apparatus according to claim 1,wherein the apparatus is at least partially housed within an outlet. 6.The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising at least onepower consuming component connected to at least one of the wiringsegments and powered by a power signal carried by the at least one ofthe wiring segments.
 7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein thepower signal is carried in a frequency spectrum distinct from the analogand digital data signals.
 8. The apparatus according to claim 6, whereinthe power signal is an alternating current signal.
 9. The apparatusaccording to claim 1, wherein: the digital packet-based data signals arecarried over at least one of the wiring segments and include a pluralityof time division or frequency division multiplexed data channels; saidapparatus further comprises a plurality of data connectors eachoperative for establishing a bi-directional digital packet-based dataconnection with a data unit; said data connectors are each coupled tothe multiport unit; and said apparatus is operative for coupling eachdata unit to a respective one of the data channels.
 10. The apparatusaccording to claim 1, wherein said apparatus is attachable to a wall ofa building.
 11. A network for transporting data and analog signals, saidnetwork comprising: first, second and third nodes; and first and secondwiring segments in a building, each comprising at least two conductorsfor simultaneously carrying frequency domain multiplexed data and analogsignals, wherein: said first wiring segment connects said first andsecond nodes together to form, with said first and second nodes, a firstbi-directional packet-based digital communication link; said secondwiring segment connects said first and third nodes together to form,with said first and third nodes, a second bi-directional packet-baseddigital communication link; each of said nodes is connectable to atleast one data unit for coupling the connected data unit to at least oneof said communication links; said first node contains a coupling unitcoupling said first and second communication links together; saidcoupling unit is one of a bridge and a router; and each of said nodes ishoused within a single enclosure.
 12. The network according to claim 11,wherein at least one of said nodes is connectable to at least one analogunit for coupling the analog unit to the analog signals carried over atleast one of said wiring segments.
 13. The network according to claim12, wherein the analog signals comprise a telephone signal and the atleast one analog unit is a telephone unit.
 14. The network according toclaim 11, wherein at least one of said nodes is at least in partincluded in an outlet.
 15. The network according to claim 11, wherein atleast one of said nodes is included in a telephone outlet.
 16. Thenetwork according to claim 11, wherein at least one of said wiringsegments is constituted by wiring previously installed in the building.17. The network according to claim 11, wherein at least one of thewiring segments is constituted by telephone wiring.
 18. The networkaccording to claim 11, wherein at least one of the nodes comprises apower consuming component connected to at least one of said wiringsegments and powered by a power signal carried by said at least one ofthe wiring segments.
 19. The network according to claim 18, wherein thepower signal is carried in a frequency spectrum distinct from the analogand data signals.
 20. The network according to claim 18, wherein thepower signal is an alternating current signal.
 21. The network accordingto claim 11, wherein: the digital data signals carried over at least oneof said wiring segments include a plurality of time division orfrequency division multiplexed data channels; one of said nodesconnected to said at least one of said wiring segments further comprisesa plurality of data connectors each operative for establishing abi-directional packet-based data signal connection with a data unit;said data connectors are each coupled to said coupling unit; and saidone of said nodes connected to said at least one of said wiring segmentsis operative for coupling each data unit to a respective one of the datachannels.
 22. The network according to claim 11, wherein at least one ofsaid nodes is connected to an analog unit located external to thebuilding.
 23. The network according to claim 11, wherein at least one ofsaid nodes is connected to a data unit located external to the building.24. The network according to claim 11, wherein: the analog signals aretelephone signals; at least one of said nodes is coupled to a remotedata unit external to the building; and at least one of said nodes iscoupled to a remote telephone service unit external to the building. 25.The network according to claim 24, wherein the network furthertransports at least one telephone signal between the remote telephoneservice unit and at least one telephone device coupled to at least oneof said nodes.
 26. The network according to claim 24, wherein at leastone of said nodes is at least in part included in an outlet.
 27. Thenetwork according to claim 24, wherein at least one of said nodes isincluded in a telephone outlet.
 28. The network according to claim 24,wherein at least one of the wiring segments is constituted by wiringpreviously installed in the building.
 29. The network according to claim24, wherein at least one of said wiring segments is constituted bytelephone wiring.
 30. The network according to claim 24, wherein thetelephone signals are digitized telephone signals.
 31. The networkaccording to claim 24, wherein at least one of the nodes comprises apower consuming component connected to at least one of said wiringsegments and powered by a power signal carried by said at least one ofsaid wiring segments.
 32. The network according to claim 31, wherein thepower signal is carried in a frequency spectrum distinct from thedigital data and telephone signals.
 33. The network according to claim31, wherein the power signal is an alternating current signal.
 34. Thenetwork according to claim 24, wherein: the digital data signals carriedover at least one of said wiring segments includes a plurality of timedivision or frequency division multiplexed data channels; one of saidnodes connected to said at least one of said wiring segments furthercomprises a plurality of data connectors each operative for establishinga data signal connection with a data unit; said data connectors are eachcoupled to said coupling unit; and said one of said nodes connected tosaid at least one of said wiring segments is operative for coupling eachdata unit to a respective one of the data channels.